Influence of gut microbiota on efficacy and adverse effects of treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders

Gut microbiota has aroused great interest because of its influence on the human body's homeostasis. In addition, multiple reports have indicated its role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Interestingly, gut microbiota can affect hematological disorders by participating in lymphomagenesis. Patients with lymphoproliferative disorders undergo many procedures that alter their unique microbiota composition and lead to dysbiosis. However, this can have a biased effect as many studies have highlighted gut microbiota’s activity in chemotherapy efficacy, for instance by either enhancing the anti-malignant effects of cyclophosphamide or by diminishing the activity of doxorubicin or cladribine. This review aimed to summarize gut microbiota’s influence on chemotherapy’s outcomes on treatment-related side effects in lymphoproliferative disorders, antimicrobial regimens, and possible gut microbiota modifications to enhance treatment outcomes