長野県中央部の三地域における工業の空間構造に関する分析 : 松本・岡谷諏訪・上伊那について

This paper analysed the distribution of the manufacturing and employment opportunity in three regions such as Matsumoto, Okaya-Suwa and Kamiina, and examined their geographical implications. Obtained results can be summarized as follows: 1. Those three regions are located respectively on each own basins, that are nestle within the mountainous areas in the upland, central part of Nagano Prefecture. Steep mountain ranges have prevented peoples in those basins from the development of mutual transportation and communication links, human activities were restricted within each basins histrically. Still today, commuting zones, the most important daily activity, exemplify this topographical restriction. 2. After World War the Second, silk was replaced by chemical fibers and silkreeling industry in those regions had declined. To recover this decline and to keep employment opportunities, precision machine factories for the production of watches, cameras, and music boxes were introduced to this region such cities as Okaya, Suwa, and Ina. Additional factories such as electronics parts manufacturing have subsequently been built in other cities as well. At first, these manufacturings were based upon intensive labour force similarly. Lately they breaks away by degrees their bygone character and are now developing innovative products such as information and communication instruments and equipments, depending on high level technologies breeded by the combination of the manufacturing of electronics and precision machines. 3. In three regions, manufacturing is an important source of employment, above all, peripheral rural hinterlands. In the urban centers, government and private companies offer many sort of services and employment opportunities for labourers. And the distribution of employment opportunities reflect the spatial structure of the manufacturings within each basins. It indicates coincidently that principal manufacturing activities are still based on intensive labour fource. 4. Although three basins has similar physiographic conditions, the spatial patterns of the economic activity and employment opportunity have considerable differences between them. We can distinguish the two types concerning these patterns. The first type, as making clear itself spatially, the population and economic activities clustered into single core area as the predominant central city, Matsumoto, which is surrounded by many towns and villages that only supply commuting labour fource to the urban center. The second type, on the contrary, population and economic activities dispersed and scattered of competing regional centers, resulted multi-core regional structure as shown by Suwa, Okaya, Chino, Ina, Komagane urban centers. Villages and towns surrounding those local urban centers have favorable condition to enjoy the benefits of industrialization. 5. During 1970s, to rationalize and enlarge their production line, several excellent factories have left their home-town, Okaya and Suwa urbanized areas in where they were breeded in subcontract systems relocated along the trunk line of R. 153 dispersedly. It is only recently that industrial development with new technologies and innovative products has begun to take place in Kamiina region. This process has been promoted by the above mentioned relocated factories of the indigenous and localized manufacturing. It is anticipated that the Chuo-Expressway that has just been completed and serving to secure transportation links with Keihin and Chukyo industrial zones will accerelate this development.Article信州大学教養部紀要. 第一部, 人文科学. 第二部, 自然科学 19: 61-89(1985)departmental bulletin pape