Seguimiento ambulatorio de pacientes alcohólicos

Introduction: the management of alcoholic patients constitutes a challenge concerning their necessary willingness to be helped, which is an indispensable attitude to achieve the objectives. Objective: to determine the characteristics of the alcohol use disorder in patients attending to the provincial office for addiction of the Community Mental Health Center belonging to Pedro Borrás Astorga health area in Pinar del Río.Material and Method: a descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 250 alcoholic patients who were treated in the provincial office for addictions of the Community Mental Health Center belonging to Pedro Borrás Astorga university polyclinic in Pinar del Río during the last 5 years (2009-2013). An individual characterization of the patient according to clinical history, along with an interview for the patient and family was carried out. Results: male sex prevailed (52.8%), out of them 18% were single and 29.2% divorced, during alcohol intake, the greatest group with 38.4% was included between 5 to 10 years. The syndrome of alcohol abuse or dependence appeared in 56.7% of the patients, whereas 66.4% suffered from a harmful intake with relapses. The treatment included Metronidazole (38.5%) ambulatory way, Disulfiram (46.4%) and Acamprosate in hospital due to the lack of availability. Conclusions: male sex prevailed, ages between 31-50 years old, length of treatment and abstinence in the group from 7 months to 5 years stood up. Individual psychotherapy associated with Disulfiram, Metronidazole and Acamprosate was the most notable therapeutic; showing that to address patients' alcohol problems and to get rid of alcohol intake a combined therapy is required.Introducción: la atención del paciente alcohólico, constituye un reto en lo referente a garantizar la imprescindible disposición de ayuda, actitud sin la cual resultaría improbable el logro de los objetivos.Objetivo: determinar las características de la enfermedad alcohólica en pacientes atendidos en la consulta provincial de adicciones del Centro Comunitario de Salud Mental del área de salud "Pedro Borrás" de Pinar del Río. Material y Resultados: en el estudio se encontró un predominio del sexo masculino, con el 52.8%, 18% solteros y 29,2% divorciados, en el tiempo de ingestión del toxico, el mayor grupo con el 38.4%; se incluyen entre 5 a 10 años. Aparece el síndrome de dependencia alcohólica en el 56.7%, en tanto el 66.4% tienen un consumo perjudicial con recaídas. La terapéutica empleada fue metronidazol (38.5%) de forma ambulatoria, disulfiram (46.4%) y acamprosate bajo uso por poca disponibilidad. Conclusiones: predomina el sexo masculino, las edades entre 31-50 años, destacándose el tiempo de tratamiento y abstinencia el grupo entre 7 meses y 5 años. Como terapéutica sobresalen la psicoterapia individual, asociada al disulfiram, metronidazol y acamprosate; se demostró que la deshabituación alcohólica se logra con la terapia combinada. DeCS: Alcoholismo, Terapéutica