This preliminary study focuses on the comparison of the fossil and current diatom communities of Issarlès lake (commune Le Lac-d’Issarlès, Ardèche) and its watershed. The fossil flora is studied in a 1.7 m sediment core (upper part of a 7 m long core), extracted in 2020. The current flora is studied in Issarlès lake and in various points of the watershed of the lake: the stream of the Clède and the stream “Ravin des Charbonneyres”, as well as the Gage and Veyradeyre dams. The evolution observed from the bottom to the top of the sedimentary sequence is marked by the disappearance of the dominant genus, Pantocsekiella, replaced by new species such as Fragilaria crotonensis and Asterionella formosa that are favored by turbulent and nutrient-ri...