The increasing interest towards perfor mance-based earthquake engineering has promoted research on the improvement of hazard-consistent seismic input definition, and on advanced criteria for st rong motion record se lection to perform non-linear time history analyses. Within the ongoing research activities to advance the representation of seismic actions and to develop tools as a support for engineering practice, this study addresse s the selection of displacement-spectrum- compatible real ground motions, with special reference to Italy. This involved the definition of specific target displacement spectra for Italian sites, constrained - both at long and short periods - by results of probabilis tic seismic hazard analysis,...