Integrating Montessori Pedagogy Elements in a Modified Programme with a Lower Educational Standard

Temelje pedagogike montessori je osnovala Maria Montessori pri delu z otroki s posebnimi potrebami, zato so načela poučevanja, ki jih je avtorica Montessori vpeljala, tesno prepletena s specialno-pedagoškimi načeli za zagotavljanje kakovostnega vzgojno-izobraževalnega procesa za vse učence. Osrednji namen magistrskega dela je raziskati mnenja in izkušnje specialnih in rehabilitacijskih pedagogov o uporabnosti in vključevanju elementov metode montessori pri delu z učenci s posebnimi potrebami v prilagojenem programu z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom. Raziskali smo, kako specialni in rehabilitacijski pedagogi v praksi prepletajo znanja iz specialne in rehabilitacijske pedagogike z znanji o pedagogiki motnessori. Z multiplo študijo primera v empiričnem delu smo predstavili izsledke raziskave na podlagi podatkov, ki smo jih pridobili s pomočjo polstrukturiranih in individualnih intervjujev treh specialnih in rehabilitacijskih pedagoginj, ki imajo opravljeno izobraževanje montessori in so zaposlene v prilagojenem programu z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom. Ugotovili smo, da intervjuvanke potrjujejo preplet specialno-pedagoških znanj z znanji, ki so jih pridobile na usposabljanju za pedagoga montessori. Specialne in rehabilitacijske pedagoginje so izpostavile, da je metoda montessori uporabna za vzgojo in izobraževanje vseh učencev, tudi učencev s posebnimi potrebami, elemente pedagogike pa je možno učinkovito vpeljati pri različnih predmetih in učnih vsebinah v prilagojenem programu z nižjim izobrazbenim standardom. Predvsem so izpostavile vključevanje materialov montessori pri usvajanju znanj in spretnosti, ki učencem s posebnimi potrebami omogočajo konkretno izkušnjo in temelje za nadaljnje pridobivanje bolj abstraktnih znanj. Analiza pridobljenih podatkov je pokazala, da specialno-pedagoška znanja pomembno pripomorejo k vpeljevanju elementov metode montessori pri delu z učenci s posebnimi potrebami. Ugotovitve so pokazale, da izobraževanje montessori obogati predznanja s področja specialne in rehabilitacijske pedagogike in pozitivno prispeva k profesionalnemu in osebnostnemu razvoju pedagoga.The foundations of the Montessori pedagogy were established by Maria Montessori while working with children with special needs. The teaching principles introduced by Montessori are closely intertwined with principles of special education to ensure a quality upbringing and education process for all pupils. The main objective of the master\u27s thesis is to explore the opinions and experiences of special and rehabilitation educators about the usefulness and integration of elements of the Montessori method when working with pupils with special needs in a modified programme with a lower educational standard. We examined how special and rehabilitation pedagogues combine their knowledge of special and rehabilitation education with their knowledge of Montessori education in practice. In the empirical part, we present the results of the research based on semi-structured and individual interviews with three special and rehabilitation pedagogues who have completed Montessori training and are working in a modified programme with lower educational standards. We found that the interviewees confirmed the intertwining of special education skills with the skills they had acquired in their training as Montessori educators. Special educators highlighted the usefulness of the Montessori method for education of all pupils, including those with special needs, and that elements of pedagogy can be effectively implemented in a variety of school subjects and curriculum content in a modified programme with a lower educational standard. They emphasised the inclusion of Montessori materials in acquiring knowledge and skills, that enable a concrete experience and foundations for further acquisition of more abstract knowledge for pupils with special needs. Analysis of information showed that special pedagogical knowledge contributes significantly to the introduction of elements of the Montessori method into work with pupils with special needs. The results show that Montessori education enriches prior knowledge of the special education field and contributes positively to the professional and personal growth of a pedagogue