Moving towards individualised and interdisciplinary approaches to treat persistent post-concussion symptoms

[Extract] Post-concussion symptoms (PCS) present a global healthcare problem that incurs considerable economic burden. Most patients recover well after a concussion but persistent PCS (PPCS) have been reported in 10% to 25% of patients [1]. Functional outcomes such as cognition, social skills and employment can be impacted for protracted periods in those affected [2]. Current consensus suggests that complex interactions between physiogenic and psychogenic factors contribute to symptoms after injury [3], and understanding the aetiology of PPCS is further challenged by variability in symptom presentation and the absence of objective markers [4]. Given these complexities, it is perhaps understandable that self-reported symptom reduction to pre-injury levels is often the primary yardstick to determine the effectiveness of any intervention