Raman spectroscopy as a structural characterization tool for lithium iron phosphates

Lithium iron phosphate LiFePO4 (LFP) with olivine structure was proposed to be used as a positive electrode material for lithium batteries in 1997 [1]. Twenty one years later LFP-based cells are widely used in traction batteries (LFP is the dominating cathode material for electric buses batteries) and stationary energy storages systems for grid balancing and renewables. Maybe, partially due to such a fast transition from promising to industrial-scale-produced positive electrode material, LFP still needs in some basic researches. One of the most important in the times of fast production scaling-up and steady price per kW∙h decreasing is the structural characterization...