Multiscale simulation of ion beam impacts on a graphene surface

Multiscale study of single and multilayer graphene irradiation is presented in this paper. Ab-initio density-functional theory (DFT) was used to study point defects, and a large scale parallel molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations were used for studying formation of gas cluster ion impacts. Moreover, Raman spectra of pure and defect graphene samples were studied from DFT calculations. Threshold energies for creating craters on the surface of graphene were obtained from MD and compared with published papers. The results of simulations were also compared with experimental craters and surface shape