The Research on Money Attitude of the Students with Physical and Mental Disabilities in Elementary School’s Family Economic Status

[[abstract]]近年來隨著社會與家庭型態改變，部分家庭會以滿足孩子物質需求的考量，給予孩童多一些的零用錢。研究者身為國小特殊教育教師，在教學現場中發現擁有零用錢的學童，其年齡有下降的趨勢。金錢的使用人人皆不盡相同，在此情況下，學童的心智處於尚未成熟的年齡層，若家長與教師忽略了教導孩童使用零用錢的概念，孩童可能會被現實生活的誘惑迷失自我，而容易做出錯誤的判斷及不正當的消費決定。國小階段的普通班學生都可能有使用零用錢上的盲點了，而研究者所服務的國小特殊教育學生，受身心障礙的限制，針對其對於金錢方面的觀念為何，和其實際運用零用錢的做法，是本次的研究動機。本文的研究發現：一、國小特殊教育學童普遍認為擁有儲蓄的習慣很重要，如果零用錢不足，通過儲蓄的方式達成目標也是最受歡迎的方式。此外，大部分兒童都擁有儲蓄習慣；二、國小特殊教育學童在消費行為、金錢決策、金錢觀念等問題上表現出顯著的性別差異，108學年度男性相比於女性更容易做出非理性的消費決策，同時更容易因為「缺錢」而產生焦慮情緒。109學年度則恰恰相反；三、存錢習慣、消費行為和特殊教育學生的障礙類別是顯著影響其金錢態度的因素，其中存錢習慣和消費行為又往往受到兒童家庭背景的影響。如果分性別來看，相對於女生，男生更容易受到家庭背景的影響。總體說來，家庭背景是影響特殊教育學童消費觀念的非常重要的因素，儘管大部分學童已經養成了提前儲蓄的良好習慣，但這並不能說明正確消費觀和金錢觀的培養對於特殊教育學童來說並不重要。相反地，無論是家長還是學校，都要注意隨時關注特殊教育學童的心理健康狀況，幫助其樹立起正確的金錢觀念。[[abstract]]In recent years, with the change of society and family style, some families will give children more pocket money in order to meet their children's material needs. As a elementary school special education teacher, the researcher found that the age of students with pocket money has a downward trend. The use of money varies from person to person. Due to the immature age of children's mind, if parents and teachers neglect to teach children how to use pocket money correctly, children may be tempted by real life and lose themselves, and then easily make wrong judgments and improper consumption decisions. In this context, this paper attempts to study the factors that affect the money concept of elementary school children. The findings of this paper are as follows: (1) elementary school’s children generally believe that it is important to have the habit of saving. If pocket money is insufficient, saving is the most popular way to achieve goals. In addition, most children have the habit of saving.(2) There are significant gender differences in children's consumption behavior, money decision-making, money concept and other issues. Men are more likely to make irrational consumption decisions than women in 108 school year, and they are more likely to have anxiety because of "lack of money". The 109 academic year is just the opposite.(3) Money saving habits, consumption behavior and the types of special education children's disabilities are the factors that significantly affect their money concept, among which money saving habits and consumption behavior are often affected by children's family background. In terms of gender, boys are more likely to be influenced by their family background than girls. Generally speaking, family background is a very important factor affecting children's consumption concept. Although most children have formed a good habit of saving in advance, it does not mean that the cultivation of correct consumption concept and golden gun concept is not important for special education children. On the contrary, both parents and schools should pay attention to the mental health of special education children at any time, and help them establish a correct concept of money