Analisa Modifikasi Kotak Pendingin Ikan Untuk Nelayan Tradisional Dari Bahan Kulit Bawang Dan Sabut Kelapa

Nelayan tradisional di Indonesia banyak menggunakan kotak styrofoam dalam penyimpanan ikan, guna menjaga kualitas ikan sebelum dijual. Dalam penggunaannya, styrofoam memiliki beberapa kekurangan seperti kurangnya ketahanan dan tidak ramah lingkungan karena mengandung zat berbahaya yang dapat masuk ke tubuh ikan didalam coolbox. Pada penelitian ini, modifikasi insulasi dibuat untuk mendapatkan coolbox yang lebih tahan tekanan dan ramah lingkungan. Bahan modifikasi insulasi memanfaatkan limbah kulit bawang merah (Allium ascalonium L) dan sabut kelapa (Cocos nucifera L). Komposisi kedua bahan di variasikan untuk mendapatkan komposisi dengan konduktivitas panas terbaik, lalu dijadikan bahan utama insulasi prototype coolbox untuk diuji performanya. Hasil pengujian konduktivitas panas menunjukkan bahwa komposisi 60% kulit bawang dan 40% sabut kelapa memiliki konduktivitas termal terbaik, yaitu 0,866 W/mK, komposisi ini digunakan sebagai bahan modifikasi insulasi. Percobaan terhadap coolbox berlangsung selama 18 jam dengan pengambilan data suhu di ke-empat titik setiap 30 menit. Kotak coolbox prototype dan coolbox styrofoam mendapat beban yang sama berupa 250gram ikan, dan diberi es seberat 1kilogram masing masing. Suhu terendah untuk bagian dasar pada coolbox modifikasi mencapai 3,2°C sedangkan suhu terendah di tubuh ikan adalah 10°C. Coolbox prototype mampu mengawetkan dibawah 20°C selama 16 jam ======================================================================================================================================== Traditional fishermen in Indonesia mostly use Styrofoam boxesfor fish storage, in order to maintain the quality of the fish before they are sold. In its use, Styrofoam has several drawbacks such as lack of resilience and is not environmentally friendly because it contains harmful substances that could enter the fish's body in the coolbox. In this study, insulation modifications were made to get a cooler box that is more pressure resistant and environmentally friendly. Insulation modified material utilizes onion skin waste (Allium ascalonium L) and coconut husk (Cocos nucifera L). The composition of the two materials was varied to get the composition with the best heat conductivity, then used as the main material for the coolbox prototype insulation to test its performance. The results of the thermal conductivity test showed that the composition of 60% onion peel and 40% coconut husk had the best thermal conductivity, which was 0.866 W/mK, this composition was used as an insulation modification material. Experiments on the coolbox lasted for 18 hours with temperature data retrieval at four points of thermometers in each boxes every 30 minutes. Coolbox prototype and coolbox Styrofoam received the same load of 250 grams of fish, and were given ice weighing 1 kilogram each. The lowest temperature for the bottom of the modified coolbox reaches 3.2°C while the lowest temperature in the fish's body is 10°C. Coolbox prototype is able to preserve below 20°C for 16 hour