Quality of life of visually impaired people

Uvod: Vidna oštrina sposobnost se oka da razlikuje detalje i vidi odvojene točke. Može biti narušena zbog sljedećih uzroka: ozljeda, mrene oka, bolesti centra za vid i vidnog živca. Lošiji vid ima svoju objektivnu i subjektivnu konotaciju. Bolesnici s narušenom oštrinom vida izražavaju strah od gubitka vida, ali i zbog neizvjesnog ishoda liječenja jer gubitak oštrine vida remeti i narušava njihovo svakodnevno funkcioniranje u životu. Istražena je relevantna literatura te je provedeno istraživanje kojim se ispituju stavovi pacijenata o kvaliteti njihova života s narušenom vidnom oštrinom. Cilj: Ispitati kvalitetu života osoba s narušenim vidom odnosno povezanost navedenoga s njihovim trenutačnim načinom života i gubitkom dosadašnjih aktivnosti u odnosima s okolinom u kojoj žive. Metode: Za istraživanje je uporabljen anonimni upitnik sastavljen od pitanja vezanih uz sociodemografske podatke ispitanika i upitnika za vid (NEI VFQ-25), inačica 2000. Istraživanje je provedeno u siječnju 2022. godine. Rezultati: Najveći broj ispitanika ima vidnu oštrinu kategorije od 51 % do 80 %, a njih 47,1 % navelo je bolest stražnjeg segmenta kao glavni uzrok lošeg vida. Rezultati pokazuju kako ne postoji razlika među kategorijama oštrine vida i procjena kvalitete života ispitanika kao ni oštrine vida i procjene tjelesnog zdravlja ispitanika. Rezultati su pokazali da narušena vidna oštrina utječe na mentalno zdravlje i socijalni život pojedinaca. Zaključak: Narušena oštrina vida svakako je jedno od oštećenja vida koje se može povezati s negativnim posljedicama na kvalitetu života pojedinaca. Narušena vidna oštrina utječe na kvalitetu života pacijenata u kontekstu obavljanja svakodnevnih aktivnosti, na njegov socijalni život i mentalno zdravlje. Osobe s narušenom vidnom oštrinom ne trebaju nužno pomoć kod zadovoljavanja osnovnih ljudskih potreba.Introduction: Visual acuity is the ability of the eye to distinguish details and see separate points. It can be reduced due to: injuries, cataracts, and diseases of the centre of vision and optic nerve. Poor vision has its objective but also a subjective connotation. Patients with reduced visual acuity express fear of vision loss, but also of the uncertain outcome of treatment because the loss of visual acuity disrupts and reduces their daily functioning in life. Relevant literature was researched, and a study was conducted to examine patients' attitudes about the quality of their lives due to reduced visual acuity. Objective: To analyse the quality of life of people with reduced vision, ie the connection of the same with their current way of life, and the loss of previous activities concerning the environment in which they live. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire consisting of questions related to sociodemographic data of respondents and a vision questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25), version 2000 were used for the research. The survey was conducted in January 2022. Results: The largest number of respondents have visual acuity in the category of 51 to 80%, and 47.1% of them cited posterior segment disease as a main cause of poor vision. The results show that there is no difference between the categories of visual acuity and the assessment of the quality of life of the respondents, as well as the visual acuity and the assessment of the physical health of the respondents. The results showed that impaired visual acuity affects the mental health and social life of individuals. Conclusion: Reduced visual acuity is certainly one of the visual impairments that can be associated with such negative consequences on the quality of life of individuals. Impaired visual acuity affects the quality of life of patients in the context of daily activities, their social life, and mental health. People with reduced visual acuity do not necessarily need help in meeting basic human needs