Effect of irradiation time, solvent to solid ratio and power on microwave-assisted extraction of Colubrina asiatica

In the past decades, herbal plants had been used widely by indigenous or even urban people for disease treatment or taken orally as appetizers, including Colubrina asiatica (C. asiatica) or known as Peria Pantai. Previous studies reported that this plant contains a high amount of active compounds that are responsible for foaming ability and various bioactivities. However, these active compounds are sensitive towards many factors, temperature, pH, light, and others in the production line. Thus, this study was conducted to optimize the extraction conditions using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the Box-Behnken Design method was selected. The parameters used in RSM were irradiation time (3, 5, and 7 min), solvent to solid ratio (10, 20, and 30 mL/g), and power (300, 400, and 500 W). The optimal extraction for the extract was 6.06 min irradiation time, solvent to solid ratio 28.31 mL/g, and 445 W of microwave power provide 42.63 w/w %. The actual yield value from the experimental procedure was 43.1 ± 0.05 w/w %. The total saponin content of the extract was determined using Folin-Ciocaltaeu’s colorimetric method with a reading of 15.36 ± 0.001 mg ESE/mg