Specialization of Relation as Mechanism of Forming Qualitative Meaning of Adjective

The article is devoted to the development of qualitative meaning of adjectives. A brief description of the lexical-grammatical categories of adjective is presented. The novelty of the study is seen in the description of one of the ways of semantic derivation, which acts as a mechanism for generating a secondary qualitative meaning in an originally relative adjective. The author offers for this the terminological designation “specialization of relation.” The essence of specialization is revealed, which consists in the fact that the general broad meaning of the relation expressed by a relative adjective is narrowed and concretized, which occurs due to the addition of a complicating semantic component. It is proved that adjectives, united by thematic generality of motivating basis, find an analogy in the method of quality formation: their secondary qualitative meaning is formed by adding a semantic component standard for this group. The specialization of relation is shown by the example of adding semantic components related to the idea of a large number