Study on Interior Aerodynamic Noise Characteristics of the High-Speed Maglev Train in the Low Vacuum Tube

As the next-generation high-speed transportation system, the low vacuum tube high-speed maglev system combines the tube with a certain degree of vacuum with the high-speed maglev train, which can realize high-speed operation under low aerodynamic resistance and noise mode. In order to study the interior aerodynamic noise characteristics of the high-speed maglev train in the low vacuum tube, a computational model of the external flow field of the high-speed maglev train in a low vacuum tube was established, and the computational model of the interior aerodynamic noise of the high-speed maglev train was established using the statistical energy analysis method; then the interior aerodynamic noise characteristics of the high-speed maglev train in the low vacuum tube were studied. The research results show that in the low vacuum tube, the distribution of the interior aerodynamic noise of the high-speed maglev train shows the characteristics of large head car and tail car and small middle car, and the aerodynamic noise on the top of the car is smaller than that on the floor. With the increase in frequency, the sound pressure level of the interior aerodynamic noise of the high-speed maglev train has the tendency of increasing first and then decreasing, and the main energy of the interior aerodynamic noise is distributed in the range of 200–1000 Hz. From the perspective of the total sound pressure level of the interior aerodynamic noise, the interior aerodynamic noise of the tail car is the greatest, followed by the head car, and the interior aerodynamic noise of the middle car is the smallest. As the direction of the travel of the maglev train will change, the optimization design of the interior aerodynamic noise of the head and tail cars should be emphasized