Obesity in adults - an everyday disease of modern humanity

Zahvaljujući sedentarnom načinu života, pretilost je postala jedan od najbržih vodećih javno-zdravstvenih problema današnjice. Rezultati procjene Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije ukazali su da je čak 1,9 milijardi ljudi u svijetu pretilo. Pretile osobe su suočene s raznim morbiditetima koji ostavljaju dugoročne posljedice na organizam bez obzira ako osoba smanji kilažu. Kod odraslih osoba, zdravstvenom deficitu doprinose godine, a ako na to nadodamo i pretilost, počinju se javljati teže i kompliciranije bolesti. Pretilost kod odraslih ne samo da utječe na fizičku aktivnost i kardiovaskularnu strukturu već se javljaju bolesti kao što su dijabetes, sarkopenija, respiratorni problemi i drugi. Ponajprije je zanimljivo da u nekim slučajevima pretilost kod starijih osoba ima i pozitivne učinke. U liječenju i prevenciji pretilih osoba sudjeluju medicinske sestre/tehničari uz liječnike i nutricioniste koji zajedno čine odličan multidisciplinarni tim. U procesu zdravstvene njege, glavna zadaća medicinske sestre/tehničara je edukacija bolesnika o pretilosti, bodrenje njega samoga kroz proces skidanja kilograma te promidžba zdravih prehrambenih navika. Medicinska sestra/tehničar koristi svoje iskustvo i znanje kako bi pravodobno organizirala zdravstvenu njegu i na taj način poboljšala oporavak osobe, učinila vrijeme u bolnici ugodnijim i podigla kvalitetu pacijentovog života. U ovom radu cilj je istražiti životne navike sudionika vezane uz navike prehrane te bavljenje tjelovježbom, a daju se odgovori na neka od ponuđenih pitanja u anketi: Pretilost je? Koji od navedenih čimbenika dovode do pretilosti? BMI kod pretile osobi iznosi? Koji se simptomi javljaju kod pretilih osoba? Koliko često se bavite nekom tjelesnom aktivnošću? Primarni cilj ovog istraživanja je uvidjeti koliko su sudionici upoznati sa pojmom pretilosti kao i navikama koje povećaju rizik od pretilosti i navikama koje doprinose smanjenju pretilosti odnosno koliko njih implementira zdrav način života tj. pravilnu prehranu i bavljenje određenom tjelesnom aktivnošću.Thanks to a sedentary lifestyle, obesity has become one of the fastest leading public health problems today. The results of the assessment by the World Health Organization indicated that as many as 1.9 billion people in the world are obese. Obese people are faced with various morbidities that leave long-term consequences on the body, regardless of whether the person loses weight. In adults, age contributes to the health deficit, and if we add obesity to that, more serious and complicated diseases begin to appear. Obesity in adults not only affects physical activity and cardiovascular structure, but also causes diseases such as diabetes, sarcopenia, respiratory problems and others. First of all, it is interesting that in some cases obesity in the elderly has positive effects. Nurses participate in the treatment and prevention of obese people, along with doctors and nutritionists, who together form an excellent multidisciplinary team. In the process of health care, the nurse's main task is to educate the patient about obesity, encourage him through the process of losing weight, and promote healthy eating habits. The nurse uses her experience and knowledge to organize health care in a timely manner and thereby improve the person's recovery, make the time in the hospital more pleasant and raise the quality of the patient's life. In this paper, the goal is to investigate the life habits of the participants related to eating habits and exercise, and answers to some of the questions offered in the survey are given: Is it obesity? Which of the following factors lead to obesity? What is the BMI of an obese person? What symptoms occur in obese people? How often do you do any physical activity? The primary goal of this research is to find out how familiar the participants are with the concept of obesity as well as habits that increase the risk of obesity and habits that contribute to reducing obesity, that is, how many of them implement a healthy lifestyle, i.e. proper nutrition and engaging in certain physical activity