International audienceAlthough graphic statistics emerged in the 17th century, it was not until 1837 that a cartographic approach dedicated to origin-destination flows emerged. Carried out upon the initiative of engineers, earlier flowmaps represented material flows, that is to say flows that were allocated to transportation networks. Subsequently, the general cartographic process was generalized and transferred to immaterial flows. In this way, flow mapping participated in the general and sustained enthusiasm for data visualization. This paper will demonstrate that flowmapping has been part of the analysis of spatial interaction patterns since 1885, and that the flowmap is undeniably the expression of an era, its theoretical and methodolog...