Impactos y adaptación al cambio climático en rumiantes

Climate change will affect ruminant systems through direct effects on animal performance, and indirect effects on pasture and forage availability. As impacts will be very unequal amongst different regions and production systems, the ruminant sector will require adaptation strategies that are tailored to each specific context. This review paper examines, first, the main impacts of climate change on animal and forage productivity, followed by a description of the main adaptation strategies to climate change and finished, by showing different modelling examples at the fam level of how climate change will impact different production systems, and the extent some adaptation strategies can ameliorate these impacts. Heat stress is the most important factor affecting ruminant production systems under climate change conditions, resulting in productivity losses and changes in product quality. For forage, produc-tivity and quality of the feed is expected to alter with changes in concentrations of carbon dioxide, changes in temperature and rainfall patterns and stressors such as ozone concentration. The extent heat stress and variables affecting feed production can affect ruminant production systems will depend on complex interactions between specific ambient conditions, species, breeds, animal stage or production systems. Moreover, impacts and adaptations to climate change at the animal and feed level will trans-late in different ways when the farm level and production system is considered. © 2020, Asociacion Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario. All rights reserved.La investigación del BC3 cuenta con el apoyo del Gobierno español a través de la acredi- tación de excelencia María de Maeztu 2018- 2022 (Ref. MDM-2017-0714) y del Gobierno Vasco a través del programa BERC 2018-2021. Este trabajo también fue apoyado por el pro- yecto Horizon2020 SFS-01c-2015 titulado “In- novación de producción sostenible de ovejas y cabras en Europa (iSAGE)” (número de sub- vención 679302) y OPTIBARN (618105 FACCE Era Net Plus – Food Security, Agriculture, Cli- mate Change ERA-NET plus –JPI). Agustín del Prado está financiado por el programa Ra- món y Cajal del Ministerio de Economía, In- dustria y Competitividad de España (RYC- 2017-22143). Elena Galán está financiada por el programa Juan de la Cierva 2016 (FJCI- 2016-30263) del Ministerio de Economía, In- dustria y Competitividad