In this article I reflect upon political republicanism and its conceptual development in distinct historical periods. For this, I summarize the position of key republican authors and analyse the main concepts which have shaped this current of political thought. My objective is to present a reasoned exposition of republican political theory, inviting the reader to adapt it to our own societies and their challenges.This work has been funded by the research project Biografia colectiva y analisis prosopografico mcis alio del Parlamento [Collective Biography and Prosopographical Analysis Beyond Parliament] from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovation y Universidades [Ministry of Science, Innovation & Universities, Spain] (PGC2018-095712-B-100) and...