New generation of two-dimensional spintronic systems realized by coupling of Rashba and Dirac fermions

Intriguing phenomena and novel physics predicted for two-dimensional (2D) systems formed by electrons in Dirac or Rashba states motivate an active search for new materials or combinations of the already revealed ones. Being very promising ingredients in themselves, interplaying Dirac and Rashba systems can provide a base for next generation of spintronics devices, to a considerable extent, by mixing their striking properties or by improving technically significant characteristics of each other. Here, we demonstrate that in BiTeI@PbSb2Te4 composed of a BiTeI trilayer on top of the topological insulator (TI) PbSb2Te4 weakly- and strongly-coupled Dirac-Rashba hybrid systems are realized. The coupling strength depends on both interface hexagonal stacking and trilayer-stacking order. The weakly-coupled system can serve as a prototype to examine, e.g., plasmonic excitations, frictional drag, spin-polarized transport, and charge-spin separation effect in multilayer helical metals. In the strongly-coupled regime, within similar to 100 meV energy interval of the bulk TI projected bandgap a helical state substituting for the TI surface state appears. This new state is characterized by a larger momentum, similar velocity, and strong localization within BiTeI. We anticipate that our findings pave the way for designing a new type of spintronics devices based on Rashba-Dirac coupled systems.We acknowledges funding from the University of Basque Country UPV/EHU (IT-756-13), the Departamento de Educacion del Gobierno Vasco, the Tomsk State University Academic D.I. Mendeleev Fund Program (grant No. 8.1.05.2015), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness MINECO (Grant No. FIS2013-48286-C2-1-P), Saint Petersburg State University (project 11.50.202.2015), and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 15-02-02717). Numerical calculations were performed on the SKIF-Cyberia supercomputer at the National Research Tomsk State University. We also thank A. Nikitin for stimulating discussions and reading the manuscript