The evolution of chiral stationary phases from HPLC to UHPLC.

There is a need for chiral stationary phases (CSPs) designed for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to switch to enantioselective applications using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Although important goals have been achieved to rapidly separate achiral compounds, enantioselective LC remains solidly attached to 3-μm and 5-μm totally porous particles and pressure values in the HPLC domain. This article describes strategies aimed at immobilizing or coating well established chiral selectors onto sub-2-μm silica particles, and aims to illustrate the potential of enantioselective UHPLC (eUHPLC) in terms of high speed, throughput and resolution