Study of relation of serum magnesium level with glycemic control in diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. Several distinct types of DM are caused by a complex interaction of genetics and environmental factors. This study was done to evaluate the relation between serum magnesium and glycemic control in diabetics.Methods: 50 patients of T2DM were included this study. Detailed history, physical examination and relevant systemic examination were performed and necessary laboratory tests FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, magnesium level were doneResults: The mean age (mean± SD) of the patients was 49.82±7.38 years with range 29-58 years and the median age was 51 years and Male 32 (64%), Female 18 (36%), M:F= 1.78:1. In this study, statistically significant correlation was found between level of magnesium and age (p=0.04). In present study no statistically significant association was found between level of magnesium and sex (p=0.738). In high magnesium level (≥1.7), mean BMI 25.08±2.82 whereas mean BMI 24.25±2.87 in low magnesium level (<1.7) and this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.308). Mean difference of FBS with magnesium level was statistically significant (p<0.001) and mean difference of PPBS with magnesium level was also statistically significant (p<0.001). It was also found that mean difference of HbA1c level with magnesium level was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: This study clearly depicts that in diabetes mellitus serum magnesium levels had a positive correlation with glycemic control. Serum levels of magnesium have been found to correlate inversely with fasting blood glucose concentration, post prandial blood glucose concentration and the percentage of HbA1c. The study also establishes a positive correlation of magnesium with age