The unemployment in Tunisia. The characteristics and the main factors. The results of an inquiry

The aim of this article is to study the characteristics and factors of unemployment in general and unemployment of graduates in particular in Tunisia.The first part will focus on the analysis of trends in unemployment and its characteristics, by age and sex, by duration, by region and graduates unemployment by level of education, by region and by specialty…etcThe interest will be focused in the second part on the analysis of the factors and explanations of unemployment in Tunisia (particularly the unemployment of graduates), particularly political and institutional factors ( the mismatch between training and employment, precarious employment, etc.) and especially economic factors (among others, the irregularity and the weakness of the economic growth, the advent of “structural adjustment” which led to a decline of the productive activities of the State, the weakness on investment, the progressive liberalization of the Tunisian economy which has diametrically transformed the role of the State, the fragility of the private sector in Tunisia....).In the third part of the article, we will focus our analyze on the results of an inquiry about the vision and perception of young graduates about their situation, their point of view on unemployment and its causes, and the difficulties of employment and professional integration (thanks to the results of a field study).