Occupational therapy in the treatment of people with borderline personality disorder

Uvod: Osebnostne motnje se začnejo v adolescenci ali zgodnji odraslosti in predstavljajo velik delež motenj duševnega zdravja. Med njimi je najpogostejša mejna osebnostna motnja. Mejna osebnostna motnja je kronična motnja v duševnem zdravju. Zanjo je značilna nestabilnost razpoloženja in medosebnih odnosov, motnja samopodobe, izrazita impulzivnost in samomorilno vedenje, ki povzroči trpljenje in stisko v življenju osebe. Namen: Ugotoviti, kakšne so težave pri vključevanju oseb z mejno osebnostno motnjo v delovno in socialno okolje, kaj je do sedaj znanega o vključenosti delovne terapije v obravnavo oseb z mejno osebnostno motnjo, kakšen je njen doprinos pri obravnavi oseb z mejno osebnostno motnjo in katera ocenjevanja se uporabljajo pri osebah z mejno osebnostno motnjo. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila kvalitativna raziskovalna metoda, sistematičen pregled literature na temo vloge delovne terapije pri osebah z mejno osebnostno motnjo. Iskanje je bilo opravljeno s pomočjo podatkovnih baz: Web of Science, SAGE Journals in Google Scholar pod naslednjimi ključnimi besedami v angleščini: »occupational therapy«, »occupational therapist«, »personality disorder«, »personality disorders«, »borderline«, »BPD«. V analizo je bila vključena literatura, objavljena od leta 2010 naprej v angleškem jeziku, ki vključuje delovno terapijo pri osebah z mejno osebnostno motnjo. Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih deset znanstvenih raziskav, vse s kvalitativno zasnovo. Kvalitativna sinteza podatkov je podala štiri teme: težave pri vključevanju oseb z mejno osebnostno motnjo v delovno in socialno okolje, ocenjevalne metode pri osebah z mejno osebnostno motnjo, vloga delovne terapije pri osebah z mejno osebnostno motnjo ter dialektična vedenjska terapija. Razprava in zaključek: Simptomi, ki so značilni za osebe z mejno osebnostno motnjo, vplivajo na izvajanje vsakodnevnih aktivnosti. Izbira okupacij je velikokrat neustrezna, zato delovni terapevt poskuša osebo preusmeriti v iskanje pozitivnih okupacij ter jo spodbujati v vključitev vanje. Na področju duševnega zdravja so delovni terapevti dobro uveljavljeni, vendar je na področju obravnave oseb z mejno osebnostno motnjo njihovo delovanje pomanjkljivo raziskano. Potrebno bi bilo več raziskav, ki govorijo o vlogi delovne terapije pri osebah z mejno osebnostno motnjo.Introduction: Personality disorders begin in adolescence or early adulthood and represent a large proportion of mental health disorders. Borderline personality disorder is the most common among them. Borderline personality disorder is a chronic mental health disorder. It is characterized by instability of mood and interpersonal relationships, impaired self-esteem, distinct impulsivity, and suicidal behavior, which causes suffering and distress in a person\u27s life. Purpose: To explore the problems in integrating people with borderline personality disorder into the work and social environment, to find out what is known about the participation of occupational therapy in the treatment of people with borderline personality disorder and its contribution in the treatment of people with borderline personality disorder and to explore which assessments are used with people with borderline personality disorder. Methods: A qualitative research method was used, and literature search aimed at occupational therapy role in people with borderline personality disorder was systematically reviewed. The search was carried out using the following databases: Web of Science, SAGE Journals and Google Scholar. The following keywords in English were: »occupational therapy«, »occupational therapist«, »personality disorder«, »personality disorders«, »borderline« and »BPD«. Literature published from 2010 onwards in the English language, which includes occupational therapy for people with borderline personality disorder, was included in the analysis. Results: Ten scientific studies, all with a qualitative design, were included in the final analysis. After qualitative data analysis four topics were identified: Problems in the integration of persons with borderline personality disorder in the work and social environment, Assessment methods for persons with borderline personality disorder, The role of occupational therapy in persons with borderline personality disorder, and Dialectical behavior therapy. Discussion and conclusion: Typical symptoms of borderline personality disorder affect the performance of their daily activities. The selected occupations are often unsuitable for them. Occupational therapist tries to redirect the person to search for positive occupations and encourages people to participate in them. In the area of mental health, occupational therapists are well known, but in the area of treating people with borderline personality disorder, their performance is insufficiently researched, therefore more research is needed