GLOBAL MODEL CALCULATIONS OF THE EFFECTS OF INTERNATIONAL SHIP EMISSIONS IN DIFFERENT WORLD REGIONS.

Emissions from international shipping are increasingly recognized as an important source of air pollution and subsequently human health. Emissions of particles and particle precursors affect mainly coastal regions close to major ship tracks. Emissions of NOx can result in a decrease or increase in surface ozone concentrations depending on location and time of year. The model estimates of the contributions to surface ozone in world regions differ substantially depending on methods, and also between models using the same or similar methods. In this study model results from 3 global models are compared, two using tagging methods, and one using a perturbation method