Pengembangan digitalisasi pertanian untuk mendukung kemandirian petani

The importance of the role of farmers in the agribusiness system is not directly proportional to the welfare of farmers themselves, this is because the bargaining power of farmers in the system is very low. Seeing the high ability of rice production in Sambas Regency is expected to be more maximal with the implementation of digitalization of agriculture in this district, as well as being an example for the application of agricultural digitization in other districts. The study aims to identify existing conditions that occur in agriculture in Sambas Regency, analyze the influence of farmers' perceptions on agricultural digitization, and formulate a model of agricultural digitization development to support farmers' independence in Sambas. The scope of this study is only farmers in Sambas Regency as a contributor to 20% of food production, especially rice in West Kalimantan Province. Sampling techniques in this study used cluster random sampling with a sample count of 213 samples. Data collection is carried out by distributing questionnaires to farmers and extension workers in 10 subdistricts in Sambas Regency conducted in August - September 2021. This study includes causality (causal) research. Data analysis used in this study is structural equation modeling (SEM) and then analysis of the development of agricultural digitization models through the synthesis of SEM analysis and sharpening of analytical results using focus group discussion (FGD) methods. The results showed that the existing condition of farmers in sambas regency can be described as following the profile of respondents dominated by the male sex of 82.63% of respondents are men while the remaining 17.37% are women, this is by BPS data that farmers in Indonesia are dominated by men where the number of male farmers reaches 25 million people and female farmers are 8 million. The dominant age in the study in the age range of 26-40 years was 38.03%, where this age distribution included productive age, 41-the 50-year-old spread of 31.45%. Then in terms of revenue, the maximum income of 36 million while at least Rp 200,000. The type of business in the form of food crop farmers amounted to 67.43% then followed by horticultural farmers by 21.56%, then 5.5% as seed handlers, agricultural extensionists, operators, and the remaining 1.83% of professions as swordsmen. The results showed that farmers' perceptions, characteristics of farmers, and companion roles had a significant influence on the digitization of agriculture. As hypothesis 1, hypothesis 2, and hypothesis 3 are accepted, all of which are calculated to be greater than 1.96 (with a real level of 5%). Judging from the influence of each exogenous variable on endogenous variables shows that the farmer perception variable of -0.25, the characteristic variable of farmers has a 0.34 to the digitalization of agriculture and the companion role variable has an influence of 0.71 on agricultural realization. The digitalization model that can be applied by the results of this research is the design of an agricultural digitization model based on FGD results that can be developed on existing systems. The development is to integrate upstream subsystems with downstream subsystems. Where in this development of course farmers can not create their systems, so it can be considered to cooperate with the existing digitalization of agriculture platforms such as platform Agree as one of the supporting platforms for agricultural marketing in Indonesia. Several things can be recommended based on managerial implications in this study, namely the need for the development of integrated agricultural digitization from upstream to downstream. The establishment of a digital market, Sambas Regency can be used as an example of a region that is literate in digital literacy. The awareness of agricultural areas will certainly encourage the formation of digital markets for the marketing of agricultural products or services. With the establishment of the digital market, people are more aware of market information. The provision of Big Data, digitalization of agriculture is still experiencing some obstacles including still weak in terms of data that can hamper especially in the world of business, so big data facilities from the government are needed, ranging from data collection to technical guidance and extension involvement is also needed. Optimization of the role of extension or technology guidance