Kajian Literatur Aktifitas Farmakologi Bawang Sabrang (Eleutherine palmifolia) Sebagai Antibakteri

Background: Bacterial infection is one of the most common diseases in Indonesia. Data from the Ministry of Health states that 42.8% causes of death under-five years old are diarrhea, while diphtheria has a mortality rate up to 50% if not immediately treated. Drugs that can be used to treat infections caused by bacteria are antibiotiks, but the use of antibiotiks without supervision may lead to antibiotik resistance. Concern about the number of death related with drug resistance, many researcher begin to study herbs as alternative medication. One of them is using Sabrang Onion (Eleutherine palmifolia). Purpose: The aim of this study is obtaining data on the activity of antibacterial compounds in Sabrang Onion (Eleutherine palmifolia) and the bacteria affected. Method: The study was conducted using narrative review wichh part of Literature Review as research metodology. This research uses journal databases such as Google Schoolar, Pubmed, and Sience Direct. The beginning of journal search obtained 430 journals, and after being selected with inclusion and exclusion criteria 12 appropriate journals were obtained. Result and Conclusion: The compounds found in sabrang onions that used as anti-bacterial are eleutherol, eleutherin, isoeleutherin, hongconin, eleucanainone, elecanacin, 4,8-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-1-methylanthraquinone2-carboxylic acid methyl ester and 8-Hydroxy-3,4- dimethoxy-1-methylanthraquinone2-carboxylic acid methyl ester, saponin, flavonoid and alkaloids. These compounds work by entering the electron transport system of bacterial cells and then forming complexes with the bacterial cell wall which also damage cell permeability and caused death of cell. The bacteria that were inhibited by these compounds were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus