In the first part of this thesis, we continue the development of bornological quantum groups, introduced by Voigt. We add the hypothesis of *-involution to its original definition and then we show in a second part that such a bornological quantum group gives rise to a locally compact quantum group in the sense of Kustermans & Vaes. For this we use a method similar to the one used by Van Daele and Kustermans in the case of algebraic quantum groups. Then we develop a general theory of induction of unitary representations for boundological quantum groups, generalizing the original work of Rieffel on locally compact groups. We then show that our induction functor coincides, in the bornological framework, with the (more general) one developed by...