Metabolites in cell suspension cultures, calli, and in vitro regenerated organs of Hypericum perforatum cv. Topas

Methanolic extracts from cell suspension cultures, calli, and in vitro regenerated shoots and roots of Hypericum perforatum cv. Topas have been evaluated for their ability to produce active metabolites (hypericins, hyperforins and flavonoids). Biosynthesis of hypericins is connected with the formation of secretory structures (black globules) in regenerated vegetative buds. A further degree of leaf development is necessary to stimulate the production of hyperforins and flavonoids. Xanthones are the main metabolic products in suspension cells, undifferentiated calli and roots regenerated from plantlets or formed by callus. No xanthones are detected in the aerial parts of regenerated plantlets accumulating hypericins, hyperforins and flavonoids