Methods of Applying Art Therapy in Kindergarten Environment

Namjera ovog rada je definiranje art terapije u širem smislu te prikazati koje su to mogućnosti primjene u radu s djecom predškolske dobi. U radu se opisuje povijest ovog terapijskog pravca s ĉijim razvojem se dalje nastavilo kombinirati umjetnost i psihoterapiju s ciljem pomaganja ljudima kako bi poboljšali svoje odnose s drugima kao i vlastito poimanje samoga sebe, te stekli neke nove mehanizme za suoĉavanje s problemima kao i njihovo rješavanje. Kako odraslima, tako i djeci treba dopustiti da se izraze u sigurnom okruţenju na slobodan i kreativan naĉin s jasnim pravilima unutar kojih se uvaţavaju i poštuju svi ĉlanovi grupe. Budući da se radi o djeci, odgajatelji moraju dobro poznavati psihofiziĉki razvoj djeteta, kako bi imali realna oĉekivanja od onoga što se terapijom moţe postići. Prikazom pojedinih dijelova art terapije govori se o primjeni, metodama rada i utjecaju svake terapije na osobu. Praktiĉni dio ovog rada prikazuje aktivnosti primjene elemenata art terapije kroz projekt osjećaji. Naglasak je na tome da se obuhvati dio psihodrame, likovne, glazbene i plesne ekspresije s namjerom da svako dijete iskusi sve naĉine izraţavanja kako bi moglo odabrati onaj koji je za njega ili nju najbolji i u kojem se najbolje moţe izraziti. Pronalaţenje najboljeg naĉina izraţavanja moţe uvelike pomoći djeci s teškoćama u razvoju, a u grupnom radu im moţe pomoći da se ukljuĉe u interakciju s drugima, nauĉe prepoznati kod sebe i drugih emocije što će im pomoći da reagiraju na društveno prihvatljiv naĉin.The purpose of this paper is defining art therapy in broader sense and to convey the methods of applying this therapy with preschool children. This paper describes the history of art therapy which development has continued combining art and pyschotherapy which purpose is to help people so they could improve their relationships with other, as well as their self image. Thus the reason to achieve new mechanism for dealing and solving their problems. Children, along with adults, need to be allowed to express themself in safe environment, in a free and creative way with clear rules that permites all group members to feel accepted and respected. Considering wellbeing of children, preschool teachers have to know psychophysical development of child so they could have realistic expectations of what this therapy could achieve. Representating different parts of art therapy, it is trying to demonstrate appliance, methods and the impact of each of this therapy on individual. The practical part of this paper represents the appliance of some elements of art therapy in the project emotoins. The emphasis is to cover parts of psychodrama, art therapy, music therapy and dance therapy expression which intention is to allow the child to experience all types of expressions so it could choose the one that is the best for him or her. Finding the best way to express can help children with difficulties in development. Also, they could be helped in group workshops where they can interacte with others so they could learn to recognize emotions among themselfs and others, which can help them to respond in socialy accepted way