Religious elements in the development of the human psyche

Religiozni elementi kao što su molitva, osobni doživljaj vjere, mistično religiozno iskustvo, religijski su fenomeni koji uvelike utječu na ljudsku psihu. Religioznost kao osobni emocionalni odnos s Bogom postala je predmet proučavanja mnogih psihologa i stručnjaka i zbog njihovog interesa postala začetak stvaranja psihologije religioznosti kao znanstvene discipline gdje se proučava učinak religioznosti na ljudsku psihu, razvoj ličnosti, vlastiti identitet, osobni rast i razvoj. Svoj doprinos psihologiji religioznosti dali su mnogi veliki psiholozi kao što su Sigmund Freud, William James, Carl Gustav Jung, Viktor Frankl i drugi. Dvije najvažnije teorije moralnog razvoja, Jean Piageta i Lawrence Kohlberga otkrile su da počeci moralnog prosuđivanja kod djece započinju gledanjem posljedica ljudskih postupaka, odnosno nagradom za dobro djelo te kaznom za loše učinjeno djelo. Vidjeli smo da religijsko iskustvo kao jedno od fenomena religioznosti nije moguće ispitati zbog nedostataka instrumenata ispitivanja i istraživanja, ali i još uvijek prisutnog pristupa religioznosti i religije kao općeg, tradicionalnog i institucionaliziranog oblika vjere, iako je očigledno da je u suvremeno vrijeme prisutnija individualna i privatna religioznost. Istaknuli smo i važnost uključivanja religijskih oznaka i vrijednosti u odgoj i razvitak ličnosti, karakteristike zrele religioznosti te psihologijsku izobrazbu pastoralnih djelatnika i savjetnika s naglaskom na osjetljivost i brigu za čovjeka.Religious elements such as prayer, personal experience of faith, mystical religious experience are religious phenomena that greatly influence the human psyche. Religiosity as a personal emotional relationship with God became the subject of study by many psychologists and experts and due to their interest became the beginning of the creation of the psychology of religiosity as a scientific discipline where the effect of religiosity on the human psyche, personality development, own identity, personal growth and development is studied. Many great psychologists such as Sigmund Freud, William James, Carl Gustav Jung, Viktor Frankl and others made their contribution to the psychology of religiosity. The two most important theories of moral development, Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg, discovered that the beginnings of moral judgment in children begin with seeing the consequences of human actions, i.e. with a reward for a good deed and a punishment for a bad deed. We have seen that religious experience as one of the phenomena of religiosity cannot be examined due to the lack of examination and research instruments, as well as the still present approach to religiosity and religion as a general, traditional and institutionalized form of faith, although it is obvious that in modern times individual and private religiosity. We also emphasized the importance of including religious symbols and values in the upbringing and development of personality, the characteristics of mature religiosity, and the psychological training of pastoral workers and counselors with an emphasis on sensitivity and care for people