Possibilities and technologies of 3D printing in prosthetic dentistry

Proces 3D ispisa podrazumijeva stvaranje objekta sloj po sloj u 3D printeru. Naspram suptraktivne proizvodnje kod koje se do željenog objekta dolazi uklanjanjem materijala (glodanjem), aditivna proizvodnja omogućuje stvaranje objekata dodavanjem materijala (metala, polimera i u novije vrijeme keramike) na temelju kompjuteriziranog 3D modela. I aditivni (3D print) i suptrakcijski način izrade spadaju u tehnologiju računalno potpomognutog dizajna/računalno potpomognute proizvodnje („Computer-aided design/Computer-aided manufacturing“, CAD/CAM). Među vrstama aditivnih tehnologija najbitnije za stomatološku protetiku su stereolitografija (SLA), digitalna svjetlosna obrada (DLP), Polyjet postupak (PJ), fuzijsko depozicijsko modeliranje (FDM), printanje primjenom tekućeg vezivnog sredstva (PBP), selektivno lasersko sinteriranje i taljenje (SLS, SLM). U protetici se tehnologijom 3D printanja izrađuju modeli, privremeni nadomjesci, okluzijske udlage, metalne osnove za protetske radove, metalni skeleti djelomičnih proteza, potpune proteze i individualne žlice.The 3D printing process creates a layer-by-layer object in a 3D printer. As opposed to subtractive production in which the desired object is obtained by removing the material (milling), additive production creates objects by adding materials (metals, polymers and more recently ceramics) based on a computerized 3D model. Both the additive (3D print) and subtractive production methods are part of a technology involving computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM). Some of additive technologies more important for prosthetic dentistry are: stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), Polyjet (PJ), fusion deposition modeling (FDM), powder binder printing (PBP), selective laser sintering and melting (SLS, SLM). In prosthetic dentistry, the 3D printing technology is used to make casts, interim restorations, occlusal splints, metal copings, metal frameworks for partial dentures, complete dentures and individual trays