Regneration of the garlic conservation variety 'Istrian red' depending on the concentration of polyethylene glycol and growth regulators

Češnjak (Allium sativum L.) je jednogodišnja ili dvogodišnja povrćarska kultura. S obzirom da je apomiktična biljka, razmnožava se vegetativnim putem. Vegetativan način razmnožavanja ograničava veću genetsku varijabilnost koja je korisna u oplemenjivanju ekonomski važnih svojstava. U istraživanju regeneracije češnjaka u ovisnosti o koncentraciji polietilen glikola i regulatora rasta korišten je ekotip 'Istarski crveni'. Kao eksplantati korištene su baze češnjaka postavljene na 2 različita hranidbena medija (MS 2,4-D1 i MS 2,4-D2) s različitim koncentracijama polietilen glikola. Regeneracija se je odvijala na mediju s 1 mg/l BAP-a + 0,1 mg/l 2,4-D ili na HFM. Gledajući cjelokupni proces od razvoja kalusa do regeneracije bilo je ukupno 8 različitih tretmana. Od osam korištenih tretmana najveći broj regeneriranih biljaka bio je na tretmanu T8, T2 i T4. Kod sva tri najuspješnija tretmana početna indukcija kalusa odvijala se je na mediju s 2 mg/l 2,4-D, a regeneracija biljaka na mediju s dodatkom BAP-a. Uspješnost zakorjenjivanja regeneranata je iznosila 66% dok je postotak aklimatiziranih biljaka iznosio 69%. Četiri mjeseca nakon presađivanja u supstrat ukupno je preživjelo 170 biljka koje su potencijalno tolerantne na sušu.Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an annual or biennial vegetable crop. Since it is an apomictic plant, it reproduces vegetatively. The vegetative propagation method limits the greater genetic variability that is useful for breeding economically important traits. In the study of garlic regeneration depending on the concentration of polyethylene glycol and growth regulators, the ecotype 'Istrian red' was used. Clove bases were used as explants and placed on 2 different nutrient media (MS 2,4-D1 and MS 2,4-D2) with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol and growth regulators. Regeneration took place on medium with 1 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l 2,4-D or on HFM. Considering the entire process from callus development to regeneration, there were a total of 8 different treatments. Of the eight treatments used, the largest number of regenerated plants was on treatments T8, T2 and T4. In all three of the most successful treatments, initial callus induction took place on a medium with 2 mg/l 2,4-D, and plant regeneration on a medium with the addition of BAP. The rooting success rate of regenerated plants was 66%, while the percentage of acclimatized plants was 69%. Four months after transplanting into the substrate, a total of 170 plants survived that are potentially drought tolerant