Tooth preparation in fixed prosthodontics

Brušenje zuba zahtjevan je i ključan segment fiksnoprotetske terapije. Nužni su pažljiv pristup i dobar plan terapije te poznavanje općih načela brušenja. U suvremenoj protetici fokus je na minimalnoj invazivnosti, no s druge strane brušenjem se mora omogućiti dovoljno mjesta za materijal fiksnoprotetskog rada kako bi se osigurala funkcijska trajnost nadomjeska. Postupak je ireverzibilan, stoga su neophodne detaljna dijagnostika i precizna izvedba. Na brušenje utječu vrsta i materijal budućeg fiksnoprotetskog rada te položaj i broj raspoloživih zuba u zubnome luku. Optimalni instrumentarij za brušenje čine crveni kolječnik i dijamantna svrdla. Velik je oprez potreban prilikom preparacije vratnog dijela zuba kako se ne bi oštetila parodontna tkiva i ugrozila biološka širina. Horizontalna preparacija sa zaobljenom stepenicom zadovoljava uvjete za većinu fiksnoprotetskih radova te je još uvijek preferirana tehnika preparacije. Biološki orijentirana preparacija pripada novijim tehnikama vertikalne preparacije zuba. Omogućava postizanje iznimne estetike, ali je tehnički kompleksnija.Tooth preparation is a demanding and crucial part of fixed prosthodontics. A careful approach, concise treatment plan, and knowledge of the general principles of tooth preparation are necessary. In modern prosthodontics, the focus is on minimal invasiveness, but on the other hand, preparation must allow enough space for the material of the restoration in order not to jeopardize the success of the therapy and its functional longevity. The procedure is irreversible, therefore detailed diagnostics and precise performance are necessary. Type of preparation is influenced by the type and material of future fixed prosthodontic restoration and is defined by the position and number of remaining teeth in the dental arch. The instruments used for tooth preparation are a red micromotor handpiece and diamond burs. Special attention should be paid while preparing the cervical part of the tooth in order not to damage the periodontal tissues and endanger the biological width. Horizontal preparation with a chamfer meets the requirements for most fixed prosthodontic restorations and is still the preferred technique of preparation. Biologically oriented preparation is a newer technique of vertical tooth preparation. It enables the achievement of exceptional aesthetics, but it is technically more complex