Music Activities in the Regular and Alternative Preschool Curricula

Glazbene sposobnosti djece dio su njihovog cjelovitog razvoja. Svaka aktivnost koja u fokusu ima određeni glazbeni sadržaj zove se glazbena aktivnost. Glazbene su aktivnosti karakteristične za rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje. Predškolski odgoj u svijetu zauzima veliku, nezamjenjivu ulogu u odgoju djece. U odgojno-obrazovnom procesu postoje brojni pristupi i programi, a svima je zajedničko jedno: stavljanje djeteta u centar pozornosti i pružanje kvalitetne njege i brige za njegov cjelokupan rast i razvoj. U okviru ovog rada provedeno je istraživanje koje analizom sadržaja uspoređuje kurikulume redovnog, waldorfskog, vjerskog i Montessori predškolskog programa. Predmet zanimanja je provođenje glazbenih aktivnosti. Osim analize kurikuluma, za bolje razumijevanje proveden je intervju s odgojiteljicama navedenih predškolskih programa. Kroz intervju ispitana su mišljenja i stavovi o načinu i važnosti provođenja glazbenih aktivnosti. Elementi koji su se ispitivali i uspoređivali bili su: učestalost, tematika, materijal i način provođenja glazbenih aktivnosti te utjecaj koji provođenje ima na dječje ponašanje, komunikaciju i interakciju s drugom djecom. Rezultati su pokazali da glazba jest zastupljena u predškolskim programima, iako se u pisanim oblicima previše ne spominje. Svaki odgojitelj ima drugačiji pristup djeci, stoga je i način provođenja glazbenih aktivnosti za svaki program autentičan. Očekuje se da će rezultati ovog rada doprinijeti odgojno-obrazovnom procesu motivirajući njegove sudionike za što češće korištenje glazbenih aktivnosti i stvaralaštva.Children's musical abilities are part of their overall development. Any activity that focuses on a certain musical content is called a musical activity. Musical activities are characteristic of early and preschool education. Preschool education in the world occupies a large, irreplaceable role in the upbringing of children. There are numerous approaches and programs in the educational process, and they all have one thing in common: putting the child in the center of attention and providing quality care and concern for his overall growth and development. Within the framework of this work, research was conducted which, through content analysis, compares the curricula of regular, Waldorf, religious and Montessori preschool programs. The subject of his occupation is conducting musical activities. In addition to the curriculum analysis, an interview was conducted with the teachers of the mentioned preschool programs for a better understanding. Through the interview, opinions and attitudes about the way and importance of conducting musical activities were examined. The elements that were examined and compared were: frequency, subject matter, material and method of conducting musical activities and the impact that conducting has on children's behavior, communication and interaction with other children. The results showed that music is represented in preschool programs, although it is not mentioned too much in written forms. Each educator has a different approach to children, therefore the way of conducting musical activities for each program is authentic. It is expected that the results of this work will contribute to the educational process by motivating its participants to use musical activities and creativity as often as possible