Development of General creativity of students through art education

Kreativnost nije nova i suvremena riječ ili pojam, ali danas je možda više nego ikad u fokusu cjelokupnog društva, posebice u odgoju i obrazovanju. Tema je mnogih istraživanja te su se razvile mnogobrojne teorije o različitim aspektima kreativnosti. Ono u čemu se sve teorije slažu jest da je to stvaranje nečega novog, bilo ideje ili produkta, te da je kreativnost jedna od najznačajnijih ljudskih karakteristika koja se može i treba poticati i razvijati od najranije dobi. Jednu od najvažnijih uloga u tome, pored roditelja i okoline, imaju odgojno-obrazovne ustanove, a u prvom redu nastavnici i učitelji, koji moraju stvarati pogodne uvjete za razvoj kreativnosti te i sami biti kreativni. Pritom možda najveće mogućnosti za razvoj kreativnosti imaju nastavnici iz umjetničkih područja s obzirom na to da mnogi autori tekstova o kreativnosti navode upravo umjetnosti, a u prvom redu likovne umjetnosti kao najplodnije tlo za razvoj kreativnih potencijala učenika. Primarni cilj ovoga rada bio je ukazati na važnost likovnog obrazovanja u razvoju opće kreativnosti i drugih sposobnosti kod učenika. U glavnom dijelu rada opisuju se načini na koje se to postiže u nastavi likovne kulture putem različitih likovnih aktivnosti. Pored toga, rad se u prvom dijelu bavi i općenito pojmom kreativnosti, koji uključuje različite teorije, kriterije i druge aspekte kreativnosti. S jedne strane, stručnjaci govore o vrlo važnoj i jedinstvenoj ulozi koju likovno obrazovanje ima za cjelokupan razvoj učenika s naglaskom na razvoj njihovih kreativnih potencijala koji se nalaze i u samoj osnovi suvremenog odgoja i obrazovanja, dok se s druge strane još uvijek marginalizira i zapostavlja sam predmet Likovna kultura, odnosno likovno obrazovanje davanjem premalo prostora u nastavnom planu i programu. O tom problemu i posljedicama koje iz toga proizlaze rad se bavi u posljednjem dijelu. U radu se, dakle, prvenstveno pokušao prikazati iznimno velik i važan doprinos umjetnosti i likovnog obrazovanja razvoju opće kreativnosti i sposobnosti učenika te, s druge strane, jedan od glavnih problema s kojim se ono susreće kao neizostavnim aspektom konteksta likovnog obrazovanja u hrvatskom školstvu.Creativity is not a new and modern word or concept, but today, perhaps more than ever, it is the focus of the entire society, especially in education. It is the subject of many studies and numerous theories have been developed about different aspects of creativity. What all theories agree on is that it is the creation of something new, be it an idea or a product, and that creativity is one of the most important human characteristics that can and should be encouraged and developed from an early age. One of the most important roles in this, in addition to parents and the environment, is played by educational institutions, and first and foremost by teachers, who must create favorable conditions for the development of creativity and be creative themselves. At the same time, perhaps the greatest opportunities for the development of creativity are given to teachers in the arts, given that many authors of texts on creativity cite the arts, and in the first place, the fine arts, as the most fertile ground for the development of students' creative potential. The primary goal of this paper was to point out the importance of art education in the development of general creativity and other abilities in students. In the main part of the work, the ways in which this is achieved in art education are described through various art activities. In addition, the first part of the paper deals with the concept of creativity in general, which includes various theories, criteria and other aspects of creativity. On the one hand, experts talk about the very important and unique role that art education has for the overall development of students, with an emphasis on the development of their creative potential, which is at the very basis of modern education, while on the other hand, the art education is still marginalized and neglected by giving too little space in the curriculum. The last part of the paper deals with this problem and the consequences that arise from it. Therefore, the paper primarily tried to show the extremely large and important contribution of art and art education to the development of the general creativity and abilities of students and, on the other hand, one of the main problems it faces as an indispensable aspect of the context of art education in Croatian schools