Influence of isolation during Corona virus pandemia on appearance of anxiety, depression and stress in patients with Parkinson`s disease

Ciljevi istraživanja: Ovim istraživanjem željelo se ispitati razliku u stupnju stresa, anksioznosti i depresije te psihopatoloških promjena u ispitanika s idiopatskom Parkinsonovom bolesti u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu tijekom pandemije COVID-19. Drugi je cilj bio ispitati utjecaj demografskih parametara i stupnja socijalizacije tijekom pandemije COVID-19 na stres, depresiju, anksioznost i psihopatološke karakteristike u bolesnika s Parkinsonovom bolesti. Nacrt studije: Presječna studija Ispitanici i metode: Ispitanici su bolesnici oboljeli od idiopatske Parkinsonove bolesti (50 ispitanika) i kontrolna zdrava skupina (30 ispitanika) odgovarajuće dobi i spola. Za potrebe istraživanja konstruiran je upitnik o demografskim podatcima u kojem su se nalazila i pitanja o njihovoj socijalnoj komunikaciji i izlascima. Za procjenu psihičkih smetnji koristila su se dva upitnika. Jedan je upitnik za ispitivanje općih psihopatoloških teškoća (CORE-OM), a drugi upitnik je Skala depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa (DASS-21). Rezultati: Kontrolna skupina pokazala je višu razinu stresa u odnosu na bolesnike oboljele od Parkinsonove bolesti na DASS-21 upitniku i imala veća oštećenja u subskalama subjektivna dobrobit i rizik u CORE-OM upitniku. Pacijenti koji su imali barem jednom tjedno posjete u odnosu na one koje nitko nije posjećivao imali su manji stupanj anksioznosti i depresije kao i bolje rezultate u CORE-OM upitniku ukupno i u subskali funkcioniranje. Zaključak: Obje ispitane grupe su na DASS-21 i CORE-OM ljestvicama bile u razini normale. Kontrolna grupa pokazala je višu razinu stresa i veća oštećenja subjektivne dobrobiti i rizika. Ispitanici koji su bili u socijalnom kontaktu pokazali su manji stupanj anksioznosti i depresije. :Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the difference in the degree of stress, anxiety and depression and psychopathological changes in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease compared to the healthy control group during the COVID-19 pandemic. The second goal was to examine the effect of the demographic parameters and the degree of socialization during the COVID-19 pandemic and stress, depression, anxiety, and psychopathological characteristics in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Participants and Methods: Subjects were patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (50 subjects) and healthy control group (30 subjects). For the purposes of this research, a questionnaire on demographic data was designed, which also included questions on social communication and outings. Two questionnaires were used to assess mental disorders: CORE-OM (Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation) and DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale). Results: The control group recorded higher levels of stress compared to Parkinson’s disease patients on the DASS-21 questionnaire and had greater impairment in the subjective well-being and risk subscales of the CORE-OM questionnaire. Patients who had at least one visit per week had a lower degree of anxiety and depression as well as better results in the CORE-OM sum total and in the subscale functioning compared to those who were not visited by anyone. Conclusion: Both groups had the normal level scores on the DASS-21 and CORE-OM scales. The control group showed higher stress levels and greater impairment of subjective well-being and risk. Respondents who had social contact showed a lower degree of anxiety and depression