The role of variety and agroecological conditions during 2020/2021. on yield, agronomic and morphological properties of winter wheat at PRO FARM Mandić

Cilj rada bio je utvrditi prinos (t/ha), komponente prinosa (broj klasova po m2, broj zrna po klasu i masa 1000 zrna) te druga morfološka i agronomska svojstva (visina biljke, hektolitarska masa, masa klasa, masa vlati i dužina klasa) pet različitih sorti ozime pšenice različitih sjemenarskih tvrtki. Također cilj rada bio je prikazati vremenske prilike tijekom vegetacije 2020/2021. i njihov mogući utjecaj na ispitivane parametre kao i provedenu agrotehniku. Istraživanje je provedeno na poljoprivrednom gospodarstvu PRO FARM Mandić tijekom vegetacije pšenice 2020./2021. u tri ponavljanja. Općenito, vremenske prilike tijekom 2020./2021. nisu previše odstupale u usporedbi s promatranim višegodišnjim prosjekom, ali su zabilježena značajna odstupanja u distribuciji tijekom pojedinih mjeseci. Tako se odstupanje oborina kretalo od -99,7 % (lipanj) do + 51,0 % (prosinac) dok su oscilacije temperatura zraka bile još izraženije. Provedena agrotehnika je bila u skladu s preporukama struke uz adekvatnu zaštitu i mineralnu gnojidbu. Analizom varijance utvrđena je značajnost za pet od devet ispitivanih svojstava (broj zrna po klasu, masa 1000 zrna, hektolitarska masa, visina biljke i dužina klasa). Prosječan prinos ozime pšenice svih pet sorti u ovom istraživanju iznosio je 9,36 t/ha. Svaka sorta imala je određene prednosti u pogledu jednog i/ili više svojstava jer razlike u pogledu prinosa nisu bili statistički opravdane. Sjetvom visokoprinosnih sorti različitih sjemenskih kuća moguće je ostvariti veće i stabilnije prinose što je cilj svake proizvodnje.The aim of this research peper was to determine yield (t/ha), yield components (number of spikes per m2, number of grains per spike and mass of 1000 grains and other morphological and agronomic characteristics (plant height, hectolitre mass, spike mass, panicle mass and spike lenght ) of five different wheat varieties of different seed companies. The aim of paper was also to show weather conditions during the 2020/2021 vegatitive season and show their possible influence on examined parameters and carried out. The research was conducted on the agricultural holding PRO FARM MANDIĆ during wheat vegetation 2020/2021 in three replicates. In general, the weather during 2020/2021 did not deviate too much compared to the observed multi-year average, but significant deviations in distribution were recorded during individual months. So, the percipitation deviation ranged from -99.7 % (June) to + 51.0 % (December), while air temperature oscillations were even more pronounced. The implemented agrotechnics were in accordance with the recommendations of the profession with adequate protection and mineral fertilization. The analysis of variance revealed significance for five out of nine properties studied (number of grains per spike, mass of 1000 grains, hectolitre mass, stem height and spike length. Average yield of all five varieties in this survey was 9.36 t/ha. Each variety had certain advantages in terms of one and/ or more characteristics as the yield differences were not statistically justified. By sowing high yield varieties of different seed companies it is possible to achieve higher and more stable yields which is the goal of every production