MARITIME FREIGHT PORTS IN EUROPE

Luka je mjesto za pristajanje brodova te ukrcaj, prekrcaj ili iskrcaj tereta ili putnika s brodova i na njih, te ih temeljem toga dijelimo na putničke i teretne luke. Ako su tereti samo jedne vrste i služe kao odlazna postaja za promet roba i dobara proizvedenih u obližnjoj tvornici, rudniku ili naftnoj rafineriji, onda ih nazivamo terminalima. Prema Direktivi 2009/42/EC, Eurostat sastavlja listu pomorskih teretnih luka u Europi, šifriranu i klasificiranu prema zemljama i morskim obalnim područjima. Deset od 20 najvećih pomorskih teretnih luka Europe u 2017. nalazilo se na Sredozemnom moru, osam na obali Sjevernog mora, a preostale dvije na obali Atlantskog oceana. Najvažnije pomorske teretne luke u europi koje su obrađene u Završnom radu su: luka Rotterdam, Antwerp, Hamburg, Pirej, Algeciras, Felixstowe, Le Havre, Constanta, Odessa i Sankt Petersburg. Identificirana su četiri globalna trenda koji će značajno promijeniti način rada europskih morskih luka za 10 godina, optimizacija (lučkih) operacija, regionalizacija luka i multimodalnost, inovacije i digitalizacija i poboljšanje održivosti.A port is a place for ships to dock and for loading, transshipment, or unloading of cargo or passengers from and to ships, and based on that we divide them into passenger and cargo ports. If the loads are of only one type and serve as a departure station for the transport of goods and goods produced in a nearby factory, mine, or oil refinery, then we call them terminals. According to Directive 2009/42/EC, Eurostat compiles a list of maritime cargo ports in Europe, coded and classified according to countries and maritime coastal areas. Ten of the 20 largest maritime cargo ports in Europe in 2017 were located on the Mediterranean Sea, eight on the coast of the North Sea, and the remaining two on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. The most important maritime cargo ports in Europe that are covered in the Final Paper are the port of Rotterdam, Antwerp, Hamburg, Piraeus, Algeciras, Felixstowe, Le Havre, Constanta, Odessa, and Saint Petersburg. Four global trends have been identified that will significantly change the way European seaports work in 10 years, optimization of (port) operations, regionalization of ports and multimodality, innovation and digitalization, and improvement of sustainability