The role of CO2 storage (carbon capture) in achieving environmental objectives

Industrija emitira značajne količine ugljikovog dioksida (CO2) u atmosferu i obvezna je značajno je smanjiti u skladu s lokalnom i svjetskom regulativom za zaštitu okoliša. Tehnologija za kaptiranje i skladištenje CO2 (CCS) može se koristiti kao prijelazna metoda za smanjenje koncentracija CO2 u atmosferi, čime se osigurava pravovremeni prelazak na obnovljive i čiste alternativne izvore energije, bez emisije CO2. Prikazane su mjere i CCS-tehnologije za smanjenje emisija CO2. Nakon kaptiranja CO2 na velikim nepokretnim izvorima CO2 se transportira do mjesta skladištenja i trajno utiskuje u duboke geološke slojeve. Taj postupak može povećati iscrpke ugljikovodika u postojećim nalazištima, no važan problem u tom procesu je spriječavanje migracije CO2 iz utisne formacije prema podzemnim vodama i na površinu. Zato se monitoringom rizici CCS-a nastoje smanjiti na prihvatljivu razinu. U cilju postizanja održivog razvoja temeljenog na ekonomiji s niskom razinom CO2 i učinkovitim korištenjem resursa, donesena je Strategija niskougljičnog razvoja Republike Hrvatske do 2030. s pogledom na 2050. godinu koja bi trebala dovesti do gospodarskog rasta uz manju potrošnju energije i s više korištenja obnovljivih i čistih alternativnih izvora energije.The manufacturing industry emits significant amounts of carbon dioxide ( CO2) into the atmosphere and is required to significantly reduce it in accordance with national and global environmental legislation. Carbon capture and storage technology (CCS) can be used as a transitional method to reduce atmospheric CO2 concentration, thus ensuring a timely transition to renewable energy sources with net zero emissions. This research shows measures and CCS technologies as a way of reducing CO2 emissions. After capturing CO2 from large point sources, it is transported to a storage location and permanently pressed into deep geological formations. This procedure can increase hydrocarbon reserves in existing deposits but a major concern connected to it is preventing the migration of CO2 from the storage formation towards the groundwater or into the surrounding air. This is why monitoring aims to reduce CCS risks to an acceptable level. In order to achieve sustainable development based on a resource-efficient low-carbon economy, the Croatian parliament adopted The Low-Carbon Development strategy of the Republic of Croatia until 2030 with an outlook to 2050, which should lead to economic growth with lower energy consumption and increase in the share of renewable energy sources