[[alternative]]Exploring the performance of COVID-19 epidemic prevention with data envelopment analysis

[[abstract]]2019年末出現首例的新型冠狀病毒肺炎，在尚未知道感染源以及病毒株的情況下，疫情迅速的在全球蔓延開來。疫情徹底改變全球人類的生活，不僅對生命安全與經濟體系造成影響，更造成全世界的恐慌。在全球確診人數與死亡人數皆持續更新，各國政府紛紛開始制定防疫政策，期待提升各國防疫的績效。本研究衡量20個國家在2020年12月至2021年5月中的防疫績效，共分為六個研究期間評估各國防疫績效的變化。考量到疫情長時間的變化，本研究以動態資料包絡分析評估各國防疫績效，並以醫生人員數、護理人員數、土地面積及人口總數作為投入項，確診病例數及死亡人數為產出項，疫苗接種率則為結轉進行效率評估。研究結果顯示歐洲為最早開始接種疫苗的地區，成功提升疫苗覆蓋率，在防疫上相對具有成效，美洲雖然也逐步對疫苗開始施打，但民眾因為疫苗施打後忽視感染風險，使疫情趨向高峰;另一方面，研究結果指出各期間的整體效率具有高度正相關，各階段的防疫效率會相互影響。隨著疫苗的普及，每期整體效率也逐漸提升，顯示疫苗對於疫情的控制有成效。結果指出疫苗接種與防疫政策成為防止全球醫療崩塌的關鍵因素，除了讓人民能健康的維持日常生活，也為未來流行病提出完善的防疫架構。[[abstract]]After the emergence of the first coronavirus disease case near the end of 2019, the disease has spread rapidly worldwide while its origin and virus strains remain unknown. The COVID-19 pandemic has completely changed people’s daily lives, negatively affected economic systems and human safety, and triggered global panic. In response to the increasing number of COVID-19 patients and deaths, governments worldwide have implemented relevant measures to improve their pandemic prevention performance.This study evaluated the changes in the pandemic prevention performance of 20 countries between December 2020 and May 2021. The study period was divided into six periods. Considering changes in the pandemic severity throughout the study period, this study performed a dynamic data envelopment analysis to evaluate pandemic prevention performance. The number of physicians, number of nurses, territorial areas, and total population were used as the inputs, and the number of confirmed cases and number of deaths were used as the outputs. The vaccine coverage rate was used as an efficiency indicator across the different study periods.The results revealed that Europe was the first region to receive vaccination. Its vaccine coverage rate subsequently increased, and its pandemic prevention was relatively effective. America also increased its vaccine coverage rate progressively; however, because the public overlooked the risk of infection after receiving vaccination, the pandemic later reached its peak. The efficiency scores at different periods were strongly and positively correlated, indicating mutual effects between the periods. The efficiency at each period increased progressively with the increasing vaccine coverage rate, verifying the effectiveness of vaccination in containing the pandemic. This study identified vaccination and pandemic prevention policies as key factors preventing the collapse of the global healthcare system. They maintain public health and daily activities and provide references for future epidemic prevention frameworks