PARAMETER ESTIMATES FOR GENETIC CHARACTERS OF ASSAI PALM TREES FRUITS IN AMAP\uc1 STATE

Com o objetivo de estimar a variabilidade gen\ue9tica e ganhos de sele\ue7\ue3o em caracteres de frutos em a\ue7aizeiros, foram avaliadas 68 prog\ueanies provenientes de coleta em popula\ue7\uf5es do munic\uedpio de Afu\ue1 e instaladas no Amap\ue1. O experimento foi instalado em blocos ao acaso com duas repeti\ue7\uf5es e quatro plantas \ufateis por parcela. Foram avaliados os caracteres: di\ue2metro longitudinal do fruto (DLF); maior di\ue2metro transversal do fruto (DTMA); menor di\ue2metro transversal do fruto (DTME); massa de cem frutos (P100) e massa total de frutos no cacho (PTC). H\ue1 diferen\ue7as significativas entre prog\ueanies, o que denota possibilidade de ganhos com a sele\ue7\ue3o. Em geral, as herdabilidades na m\ue9dia de prog\ueanies foram de m\ue9dias a altas para os caracteres, mas sempre menor para PTC. A rela\ue7\ue3o CVg/CVe foi favor\ue1vel em DMA e DTME e desfavor\ue1vel para PTC; as correla\ue7\uf5es entre os caracteres foram positivas e significativas; o ganho de sele\ue7\ue3o foi de 16,65% para PTC e entre -1,29% e -7,60%, nos demais caracteres; as prog\ueanies selecionadas conseguiram associar os valores desejados nos caracteres avaliados. As conclus\uf5es obtidas foram de que h\ue1 elevada contribui\ue7\ue3o ambiental na manifesta\ue7\ue3o fenot\uedpica das prog\ueanies, sendo que as dimens\uf5es m\ue9tricas dos frutos sofreram menores efeitos ambientais e maior efeito gen\ue9tico; h\ue1 possibilidade de ganhos gen\ue9ticos importantes aos programas de melhoramento gen\ue9tico da esp\ue9cie utilizando-se os caracteres de forma simult\ue2nea, apesar dos valores obtidos terem sido baixos, principalmente devido \ue0 presen\ue7a de correla\ue7\uf5es positivas, nas quais h\ue1 prefer\ueancia da redu\ue7\ue3o do tamanho do fruto com aumento de produtividade.The objective of this article was to estimate the genetic variability and selection gain in the characters related with fruits in assai palms, 68 progenies collected in populations from Afu\ue1 city and planted in Amap\ue1 state were evaluated. The experiment was conducted in random blocks with two replications and four useful plants per plot. The following characters were evaluated: fruit longitudinal diameter (DLF), the fruit greatest transversal diameter (DTMA), the smallest fruit diameter (DTME); mass from one hundred fruits (P100) and, in bunches: total fruit mass (PTC). There are differences between progenies, denoting the possibility of selection gains. In general, the inheritabilities were medium or high for the characters, but always lower for PTC. The coefficient CVg/CVe was favorable in DTMA and DTME and unfavorable to PTC; the correlations between characters were positive and significant, the selection gain was 16.65% for PTC and from -1.29% to -7.60% in the other characters; the selected progenies were able to associate the desired values in the evaluated characters. The obtained conclusions were that there is high environmental contribution in the phenotypic manifestation of the progenies once the fruit metric dimensions had lower environmental effects and higher genetic effect; there is possibility of genetic gains which are important to breeding programs of this species using the characters simultaneously, although the values had been low, mainly due to the positive correlation presence, where there is preference for reduced fruit size with productivity increase