HEALTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF AROEIRA-PRETA ( Lithraea molleoides ) SEEDS EXPOSED TO METHODS OF OVERCOMING DORMANCY

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade fisiol\uf3gica e sanit\ue1ria de sementes de ( Lithraea molleoides (Vell.) Engl. comparando diferentes m\ue9todos de supera\ue7\ue3o da dorm\ueancia. Os m\ue9todos de supera\ue7\ue3o da dorm\ueancia utilizados foram: escarifica\ue7\ue3o \ue1cida por 10, 15, 20 e 25 minutos; imers\ue3o em \ue1gua quente, com temperatura de 70, 80 e 90\ub0C, at\ue9 resfriar por 24 horas, imers\ue3o em \ue1cido giber\ue9lico (GA3) na concentra\ue7\ue3o de 250 e 500 mg.L-1, por 24 e 48 horas; e imers\ue3o em nitrato de pot\ue1ssio (KNO3) por 24 e 48 horas. Foram realizadas avalia\ue7\uf5es de sanidade, germina\ue7\ue3o e comprimento m\ue9dio de pl\ue2ntulas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repeti\ue7\uf5es de 25 sementes por tratamento. Os dados em percentagem foram transformados segundo arco sen 1ax/100 e submetidos \ue0 an\ue1lise de vari\ue2ncia. A compara\ue7\ue3o das m\ue9dias foi realizada atrav\ue9s do teste de Tukey a 5 % de signific\ue2ncia. Foi realizada an\ue1lise de correla\ue7\ue3o simples entre sementes mortas do teste de germina\ue7\ue3o e os diferentes fungos identificados no teste de sanidade. No teste de sanidade, foram identificados com maior incid\ueancia os fungos Rhizoctonia spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Alternaria spp., Chaetomium spp., Epicoccum spp. De uma maneira geral, a utiliza\ue7\ue3o da \ue1gua quente controlou a incid\ueancia dos diferentes fungos e a utiliza\ue7\ue3o do \ue1cido giber\ue9lico proporcionou um aumento da incid\ueancia dos diferentes pat\uf3genos. A maior porcentagem de germina\ue7\ue3o foi observada quando se utilizou escarifica\ue7\ue3o \ue1cida por 20 minutos, imers\ue3o em \ue1gua quente a 70\ub0C, GA3 (250 mg L-1 por 48 horas) e KNO3 por 48 horas.This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of seeds ( Lithraea molleoides (Vell.) Engl. comparing different methods to overcome dormancy. Methods of overcoming dormancy were used: acid scarification for 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes soaking in hot water with temperatures of 70, 80 and 90\ub0C, for 24 hours until cool, soaking in gibberellic acid (GA3) in the concentration 250 and 500 mg.L-1 for 24 and 48 hours, and immersion in potassium nitrate (KNO3) for 24 and 48 hours. We evaluated health, germination and seedling length of the experimental design was completely randomized design with four replications of 25 seeds per treatment. The percentage data were transformed into the second arc sin 1ax/100 and subjected to analysis of variance. Comparison of means was performed using the Tukey test at 5% significance level. Analysis was a simple correlation between the test of dead seeds test and the different fungi in identified sanity. In the health test, the fungi which had the highest incidence were Rhizoctonia spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Alternaria spp., Chaetomium spp., Epicoccum spp. In general, the use of hot water controlled the incidence of different fungi and the use of gibberellic acid resulted in an increase in the incidence of different pathogens. The highest percentage of germination was observed when using acid scarification for 20 minutes, soaking in hot water at 70\ub0C, GA3(250 mg.L-1 for 48 hours) and KNO3 for 48 hours