Бібліографічні покажчики як об’єкти цензури в Україні: 1970–1980-ті рр.

Автори статті вперше комплексно дослідили бібліографічні покажчики як об’єкти цензури в Україні у 1970–1980-х рр. Проаналізовано покажчики, опубліковані в Україні, які вилучили й заборонили органи цензури й передали до спецфондів; покажчики, видані під грифом «для службового користування»; покажчики, які було підготовлено й рекомендовано до друку, але не видано; покажчики української діаспори, які вважались ідеологічно шкідливими й також потрапляли до спецфондів бібліотек. З’ясовано безпосередні чинники, що робили покажчики об’єктами радянської цензури, спричинили вилучення їх із загальних книжкових фондів, заборону до друку.The paper focuses on the study of bibliographic indexes the access to which was prohibited for the general public in Ukraine during 1970–1980’s. The author makes an attempt to classify such bibliographical works. The methodology is based on historical and comparative methods together with the sources analysis method. Typological as well as historical and chronological methods alongside with grouping and systematic analysis of the publications have been used. Scientific novelty and originality lie in the fact that the bibliographic indexes as objects of political censorship were studied comprehensively for the first time and introduced for scientific use. The author concludes that during the period of 1970–1980’s in Ukraine was marked by launching a broad campaign against «Ukrainian bourgeois nationalism » and introduction of political censorship of printed materials. The authorities considered public funds as ideologically inappropriate and socially dangerous, therefore the functions of public funds were transferred to the special funds. The introduction of political ban on bibliographic indexes in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s reflected the ideological pressure. The books of dissidents, representatives of the «executed revival», the Ukrainian diaspora were subjected to party criticism, political censorship and excluded from the main funds of libraries and bookstores. It was forbidden to mention them in bibliographical editions. The process of removing secrecy from special funds and consequently disbanding them followed by transferring the banned books to the general funds and making them available to public began in the late 1980’s. However, important bibliographic works that were completed for publication, but were not published, are still little known and inaccessible to readers. It is necessary not only to create a register of such bibliographic indexes, but also to find their manuscripts and introduce them into scientific use