Cost–Benefit Analysis of Kaposvár Solar Photovoltaic Park Considering Agrivoltaic Systems

In the context of the global energy crisis and crucial issues on food, the development and utilization of agrivoltaic (APV) systems could be a way to solve both the energy shortage and agricultural production at the same time and in the same area. As a combination of photovoltaics (PV) and agriculture, agrivoltaics has broad prospects for the future agricultural development of Hungary. Since especially large-scale PV systems can be considered as a potential basis of APV systems, the Kaposvár Solar Power Plant Project in Hungary was analyzed in this study. Two comparative analyses were used: between APV and PV systems, and between APV and apple plantation. An economic model has been developed. The baseline scenario shows that APV systems in current technological and economic conditions are not competitive with PV systems and are also less attractive for agricultural farmers, due to the long return period of the surplus investment cost. By analyzing uncertain factors and seeking possible solutions, the authors’ recommendations for the development, subsidy system and technology might be useful for both farmers and for decision makers to promote APV systems in the future