Clinical study of maternal complications associated with eclampsia

Background: Eclampsia is still one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Though the incidence in developed nations has drastically reduced, it has remained the same over years in India, mainly due to lack of awareness, poor socio-economic status and inadequate ante natal check-ups. The objective of this study was to determine the presentation, demographic features, risk factors, management, maternal mortality and morbidity, in women presenting with eclampsia.Methods: This study was conducted in Vanivilas hospital from January to December 2014 for 12 months. Total 230 women with eclampsia were studied with respect to their age, parity, socio economic status, gestational age, details of previous antenatal check-ups, clinical features at presentation, nature and number of convulsions, treatment received before admission, management in the institution and maternal morbidity and mortality.Results: The incidence of Eclampsia was 1.4%. 30% were below 20 years of age, 45% were primigravidas, 97% were referred cases with inadequate antenatal checkups. 68% had antepartum eclampsia, 22% had intrapartum eclampsia and 10% had postpartum eclampsia. 24% had instrumental delivery, 24% underwent caesarean delivery. There were 17.4% ICU admissions, 5.7% acute kidney injury cases and 13 maternal deaths.Conclusions: Eclampsia still remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in india. Information about danger signs of pre-eclampsia/ eclampsia should be made available to antenatal clients. Importance of timely referral to the tertiary center should be emphasised to the peripheral health workers