Study of the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss after child birth

Background: The aim was to study the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss after childbirth in normal vaginal delivery and LSCS.Methods: 200 pregnant women divided into two groups group 1 and group 2, 100 women undergoing LSCS and 100 women undergoing vaginal delivery. Study group will be given 1 g iv tranexamic acid along with active management of third stage of labor and control subjects will be given only active management of third stage. Clinical observations and laboratory examinations, measurement of blood loss were measured.Results: Distribution with respect to indication of LSCS like fetal distress, cephalopelvic disproportion, abnormal presentation, previous LSCS, arrest of descent, failed induction and onset of labor were comparable between both the groups. Study group showed marked decrease in blood loss when compared to controls from time of placental delivery to 2 hours postpartum in women undergoing vaginal delivery and caesarean section. There was a significant fall in mean Hb level among the control group when compared with the study group. There was no significant difference in the vital signs of the subjects in both the groups. The incidence of adverse effect like nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea were not increased in the study group when compared to the control group. Also the incidence of thrombosis was not increased with tranexamic acid.Conclusions: Tranexamic acid significantly reduced the amount of blood loss after vaginal delivery and lower segment caesarean section. Its use was not associated with any adverse drug reactions like nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea or thrombosis. Tranexamic acid can be safely administered in pregnant women undergoing vaginal delivery and lower segment caesarean section.