A clinical study of feto-maternal outcome in pregnancies with oligohydramnios

Background: The amniotic fluid that surrounds the fetus serves several roles during pregnancy. Oligohydramnios is diagnosed when ultrasonographically the AFI is less than 5cm/5th percentile. It affects 3-5% of all pregnancies. Assessment of amniotic fluid volume is a helpful tool in determining who is at risk for potentially adverse obstetric and perinatal outcome.Methods: Pregnant women with oligohydramnios reporting to Cheluvamba Hospital, attached to Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore from December 2012- June 2014 were included in the clinical study of maternal and fetal outcome. All singleton, non-anomalous, low risk pregnancies with AFI≤5cm with intact membranes and gestational age between 28-42 weeks were included in the study. Various outcomes such as mode of delivery, meconium staining, Apgar at 1 and 5 minutes, birth weight and NICU admissions were assessed.Results: A total of 130 cases of isolated oligohydramnios were assessed. 55.4% had vaginal delivery. 13.8% underwent elective LSCS and 30.8% had emergency LSCS. 18.5% had meconium stained liquor, 4.6% babies had APGAR of <7 at 5 minutes. 17.7% had birth weight of <2.5 kg and 6.9% of babies required NICU admission.Conclusions: The present study was conducted to know the feto-maternal outcome in pregnancies with oligohydramnios. The study showed that isolated oligohydramnios had no adverse maternal or perinatal outcome