A few markers for the anthropological comprehension of madness. The point is to show how the notion of madness is thought of and dealt with in societies called traditional. From recent research in anthropology, free from any "culturalist" reducing character, the meaning and the social usage of the illness are stated set out ; beyond the symptoms felt by one of its members, it is the whole community that is affected and the objective of the therapeutic ritual, magical and religious, is to restore the broken socio-cultural order. In the study of its symptoms as well as in its treatment, similar to that of other illnesses, madness eludes the criteria of psychiatry : it fits in with the sequence of misfortunes.Il s'agit de montrer comment la n...