Cancer Research in Space

We examine the present knowledge in cancer research in this review paper under actual and simulated microgravity circumstances, and we also suggest future study directions in this area. Radiation, microgravity, and vacuum all pose serious risks to human life in space, making it an exceedingly hostile environment. Microgravity has a fascinating role in the carcinogenesis of normal and cancer cells, inducing such effects as multicellular spheroid development, cytoskeleton rearrangement, change of gene expression and protein synthesis, and apoptosis, even though the danger for cancer in astronauts is unclear. Furthermore, it appears that under microgravity, the harmful effects of radiation on cells are amplified. In addition to arduous experiments conducted during parabolic flights or on space stations, ground-based facilities have been employed to examine the effects of microgravity. Some putative "gravisensors" have already been found, and additional research into these mechanosensitive processes may reveal strategies to control cancer cell proliferation and death therapeutically. These cutting-edge discoveries might aid in the development of new, potent cancer therapies as well as the provision of health protection for astronauts onupcoming long-duration missions and space exploration